Acute Pediatric Mastoiditis – An analysis of the last 10 years
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34631/sporl.771Keywords:
mastoiditis, incidence, treatment, risk factors, pneumococcal vaccinesAbstract
Aim: Analyze the current controversial factors of pediatric acute mastoiditis (AM), namely the incidence, treatment and risk factors for complications.
Study Design: Retrospective study.
Material and methods: Descriptive and statistical analysis of epidemiological, clinical, and analytical data collected from the charts of patients diagnosed with AM between 2009 and 2018.
Results: We recorded 123 cases. Pn13 anti-pneumococcal vaccination was registered in 67.5% of the cases. We observed no significant variations in the incidence of AM or its complications. 81.3% of the children were treated with antibiotics alone. Neurological symptoms or signs, antibiotic therapy in the last month, history of cholesteatoma, leukocyte count and duration of symptoms were associated with the existence of complications.
Conclusions: The incidence of mastoiditis in our population has not decreased despite the introduction of the Pn13 pneumococcal vaccine and the publication of the acute otitis media guideline. Certain factors, such as previous antibiotic treatment and the diagnosis of cholesteatoma, may warn of a complicated evolution of this entity.
References
- Sih TM. Complicações da Otite Média. In: Monteiro L, Subtil J (Eds.) Otorrinolaringologia Pediátrica, Queluz-Massamá: Circulo Medico; 2016. p. 64-70.
- Balsamo C, Biagi C, Mancini M, Corsini I, et al. Acute mastoiditis in an Italian pediatric tertiary medical center: a 15-year retrospective study. Ital J Pediatr. 2018 Jun 18;44(1):71. DOI: 10.1186/s13052-018-0511-z.
- Mierzwiński J, Tyra J, Haber K, Drela M, et al. Therapeutic approach to pediatric acute mastoiditis - an update. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Jul 17. pii: S1808-8694(18)30426-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.06.002.
- Anne S, Schwartz S, Ishman SL, Cohen M, et al. Medical Versus Surgical Treatment of Pediatric Acute Mastoiditis: A Systematic Review. Laryngoscope. 2019 Mar;129(3):754-760. DOI: 10.1002/lary.27462.
- Silva H, Zilhão C, Soares T, Coutinho M, et al. Mastoidite aguda: aumento da incidência e das complicações? Acta Pediatr Port. 2013;44(1):25-9. doi.org/10.25754/pjp.2013.498
- Marques F, Silva I, Branco C, Paiva M, et al. Mastoidite aguda em idade pediátrica: Fatores de risco para complicações. Nascer e Crescer. 2013;22(1):12-18.
- Spratley J, Silveira H, Alvarez I, Pais-Clemente M. Acute mastoiditis in children: review of the current status. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2000 Nov 30;56(1):33-40.
- Salgueiro AB, Brito MJ, Luís C, Machado MC. Mastoidites na idade pediátrica. Acta Pediatr Port 2007;38(6):257-61. doi.org/10.25754/pjp.2007.4719.
- Martins C, Lopes A, Marques E. Mastoidite aguda: Experiência de 7 anos. Acta Pediatr Port. 2008;39(1):8-11. doi.org/10.25754/pjp.2008.4539
- Garcia C, Salgueiro AB, Luís C, Correia P, et al. Acute mastoiditis in children: Middle ear cultures may help in reducing use of broad spectrum antibiotics. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Jan;92:32-37. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.11.002.
- Oestreicher-Kedem Y, Raveh E, Kornreich L, Popovtzer A, et al. Complications of mastoiditis in children at the onset of a new millennium. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2005 Feb;114(2):147-52. DOI: 10.1177/000348940511400212.
- Djeric D, Folic M, Blazic S, Djoric I. Acute Mastoiditis in Children as Persisting Problem. Int Adv Otol 2014; 10(1): 60-3. DOI:10.5152/iao.2014.013
- Tawfik KO, Ishman S, Tabangin M, Altaye M, et al. Pediatric acute mastoiditis in the era of pneumococcal vaccination. Laryngoscope. 2018 Jun;128(6):1480-1485. DOI: 10.1002/lary.26968.
- Daniel M, Gautam S, Scrivener TA, Meller C, et al. What effect has pneumococcal vaccination had on acute mastoiditis? J Laryngol Otol. 2013 Jan;127 Suppl 1:S30-4. DOI: 10.1017/S0022215112002654.
- Koutouzis EI, Michos A, Koutouzi FI, Chatzichristou P, et al. Pneumococcal Mastoiditis in Children Before and After the Introduction of Conjugate Pneumococcal Vaccines. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2016 Mar;35(3):292-6. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000995.
- Navazo-Eguía AI, Conejo-Moreno D, De-La-Mata-Franco G, Clemente-García A. Acute mastoiditis in the pneumococcal vaccine era. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2011 Jan-Feb; 62(1):45-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2010.09.005.
- Bilavsky E, Yarden-Bilavsky H, Samra Z, Amir J, et al. Clinical, laboratory, and microbiological differences between children with simple or complicated mastoiditis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Sep;73(9):1270-3. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.05.019.
- Kvestad E, Kvaerner KJ, Mair IW. Acute mastoiditis: predictors for surgery. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2000 Apr 15;52(2):149-55. DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5876(00)00287-1
- Miura M, Krumennauer R, Neto J. Complicações intracranianas das otites médias crônicas supurativas em crianças. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. 2005 Sept/Oct; 71(5):639-43.
